You've done it. You own a house with a yard. The great outdoors. Amber waves of grain. OK, maybe not grain, and ideally you want it green, not amber.
But now that you have it, how do you keep from screwing it up? By avoiding a few common gaffes that landscaping experts say new homeowners make waaay too often.
"They end up buying the wrong fertilizer;, they have no clue what weed killer is;, they kill their entire lawn,; they kill their bushes — and then they call me," says Dean Granat, who runs D&D Landscape & Sprinkler Services Inc. in Buffalo Grove, Ill.
This lawn care 101 guide for newbie homeowners can help you avoid the mistakes lawn care rookies make all too often.
8 Essential Lawn Care Tips for Well-Kept Grass
Let's look at some tips the pros recommend for first-timers taking care of lawns and yards:
#1 Follow Product Instructions
Peter and Leah Lenz (a data scientist and an attorney) were thrilled when they bought their Westchester County, N.Y., home. But they were much less thrilled to have their lawn undone by a little pest known as the Japanese beetle.
"When we looked at the house originally, we weren't even looking at the yard because it was March, and [the yard] was covered with snow," says Peter. "But when we moved in, we noticed the previous owners had patched holes where the beetles had already hit."
Once Peter identified the problem, he launched "full-out chemical warfare."
Sadly, he did not heed — nor even read — the instructions for his "weapons," and the beetles won the first round.
"There are different granulated chemicals you can put down in the spring and the fall, and I discovered there are different formulations for the different seasons," Peter says. "One of the mistakes I made the first year was using the spring formulation in the fall, and it didn't do a damn thing."
Today the lawn is lush and green, thanks to the proper use of anti-beetle products the second time around. "I smile when I see the back yard," Peter says.
Takeaway: Follow lawn product instructions closely to keep your lawn healthy and pest-free.
#2 Use Fertilizer as Directed
The No. 1 problem new homeowners have with fertilizer is overdoing it, says Eric Groft, owner and principal of Oehme, van Sweden & Associates Landscape Architects in Baltimore.
"Instead of putting in the correct amount of fertilizer, they put in more — and more is not more."
Too much fertilizer hinders plant growth and can burn and even kill grass and plants. And, if it runs off into waterways, it can cause toxic algae bloom.
To avoid those awful outcomes, prep and apply fertilizer with care. Use only the amount of recommended fertilizer — or less.
And don't skip a single prep step. Most powdered or liquid fertilizers need to be mixed with water.
Timing is important, too. Different species of grass have different needs. Warm-season grasses (Bermuda and St. Augustine) need to be fed when temperatures are warm. Late spring is usually good. Cool-season grasses (Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue) prefer feeding in cooler temps, such as late fall, but before frost sets in.
Takeaway: Apply fertilizer at the right time and in the right quantity to keep your lawn thriving and prevent environmental damage.
#3 Water Grass Properly
Brown and dry, dehydrated grass is ugly. It invites weeds to set up squatting rights. But it's not just about the ugly.
"If you're thinking about a future resale, a good lawn is what gets people in the front door," says Valerie Blake, a REALTOR® in Washington, D.C. A sad lawn just turns them away.
But novice homeowners often think watering a little bit here and a little bit there will suffice. If the grass is wet, it's watered, right?
Not quite. It's really a matter of how moist the soil underneath is. Ideally, you want the soil to be moist six inches deep.
Here's how to make sure your lawn gets enough water:
- Use a shovel to check that the soil is moist six inches deep.
- The first time you water, check every 15 minutes.
- Keep track of how long it takes to get moist.
- Water that same amount of time the next time.
How often should you turn on the sprinklers? Do your homework, and, if the Joneses do in fact have a beautiful lawn, note how often they water and follow suit. (We won't tell.)
Takeaway: Water the grass deeply and consistently to keep it healthy and inviting.
#4 Don't Cut Grass Too Short
If mowing isn't your idea of weekend fun, you might be tempted to skip a round or two by cutting the grass extra short.
And while cutting the grass shorter may save you from mowing so often, it ends up starving the plant, as sunlight is collected via the leaves. Hello, brown lawn.
"Grass should never be cut lower than two and a half to three inches," says Granat.
Takeaway: Resist the urge to over cut your lawn.
#5 Don't Overuse Weed Killer
"People will buy weed killer thinking it's for dandelions and clover and will spray it over their whole yard," Granat says.
"I had a customer who sprayed his whole lawn with weed killer. It killed everything and cost $8,000 to resod the lawn."
So, only use the weed killer on small, isolated areas, OK? Non-chemical solutions work, too, such as pulling weeds out by hand or dousing them with boiling water.
But prevention is best. Smother them with mulch before they can take root.
Takeaway: Be cautious with weed killer; targeted application is key.
#6 Trim Limbs and Branches the Right Way
Out-of-control bushes can block windows and give insects (and burglars!) a direct path into the house. The solution? Cut back the bushes.
But know where to cut. "Don't saw off [a branch] in the middle," says Groft. And don't cut it flush with the trunk either.
You want to leave the "branch collar" — usually a small bump where the trunk and branch come together.
That bump contains special cells to help a tree or shrub recover from its wounds. Leaving the branch too long or cutting it too short prevents the branch collar from doing its job. That means instead of losing a branch or two, you could lose the entire tree or bush.
Takeaway: Trim like a pro by cutting in the right places.
#7 Avoid Putting Plants Too Close Together
Impatience is really the culprit here. You want a lush yard fast. So you buy more plants and plant them closer together.
That's a costly mistake. First, you're buying plants you don't need. And second, those plants will lose their looks really soon — or even die.
By planting bushes, shrubs, trees, annuals, or perennials close together, you're not giving them room to grow. And you're forcing them to compete for sunshine and nutrients in the soil. You won't be happy with those results.
Nurseries usually recommend how far apart to plant, but here are a couple of guidelines:
- Trees usually need to be planted as far apart as their mature width.
- Perennials should be six inches to 36 inches apart, depending on their mature size.
It's also OK to remove existing plants you don't like. "If you have 30-year-old evergreens crowding a walkway, don't be afraid to be subtractive," Groft advises.
Takeaway: Give your plants room to thrive to minimize overcrowding.
#8 Don't Let Your Pet Urinate Wherever
It's so tempting to let your pet go where and whenever they want. But after a while, you'll notice yellow grass. Then dead grass. And that bush you planted a couple of months ago? Yeah, it's half dead, too. They're being burned alive by your dog's urine. Not good.
But there are things you can do, such as training your dog to go to one special area. You could even make it a spot without any grass to kill.
"I'm starting to install a lot of dog runs for people. They're all fenced in, and we use some kind of stone on the surface," Granat says.
Takeaway: Safeguard your lawn with a designated pet relief area.
Sowing the Seeds of Successful Lawn Care
Keeping your lawn looking its best is all about paying attention to the little things and making smart choices. Whether it's following product instructions or being careful not to overdo the fertilizer, every bit counts. By staying on top of these tips and giving your lawn the TLC it deserves, you'll be rewarded with a backyard oasis that's the envy of the neighborhood.
